仮定法現在
・未来を表す"will"や"be going to"は、日本語の「～だろう」という推量の表現とは違い、確実な未来を示すのに使われる。
・"that"節が不確実な未来を示す場合、仮定法現在が使われる。
・仮定法現在においては、動詞が原形になる。
・仮定法現在とともに主節で使われる動詞： advise, ask, command, decide, demand, insist, intend, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, resolve
［誤］He insisted that she was in the hospital until she got well.
［誤］He insisted that she is in the hospital until she gets well.
［誤］He insisted that she be in the hospital until she get well.
［正］He insisted that she be in the hospital until she gets well.
［誤］Mary suggested that her husband waited in his car.
［誤］Mary suggested that her husband waits in his car.
［正］Mary suggested that her husband wait in his car.
［誤］Mary proposed that Tom invited me to the party.
［誤］Mary proposed that Tom invites me to the party.
［正］Mary proposed that Tom invite me to the party.
［誤］Mary recommended that he went and saw a doctor.
［誤］Mary recommended that he goes and sees a doctor.
［正］Mary recommended that he go and see a doctor.
［誤］The boss requested that everyone came to the parry.
［誤］The boss requested that everyone comes to the party.
［正］The boss requested that everyone come to the party.
［誤］Is it too much to ask that Ken is like his father?
［正］Is it too much to ask that Ken be like his father?
［誤］The doctor advised Mary that she got some rest.
［正］The doctor advised Mary that she get some rest.
［誤］The Doctor advised that the patient be in a critical state.
［正］The Doctor advised that the patient was in a critical state.
［誤］Go and ask Mary whether she be coming tonight.
［正］Go and ask Mary whether she is coming tonight.
・［It is + 形容詞＋that］の構文で仮定法現在が使われるときの形容詞：anxious, critical, crucial, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, vital
［誤］It is important that everyone follows the rules.
［正］It is important that everyone follow the rules.
［誤］It is necessary that everyone will be there on time.
［誤］It is necessary that everyone is there on time.
［正］It is necessary that everyone be there on time.
［誤］It is essential that he has some experience.
［正］It is essential that he have some experience.
・仮定法現在が使われる上記以外の構文
［誤］He was determined that the same mistakes aren't repeated.
［誤］He was determined that the same mistakes weren't repeated.
［誤］He was determined that the same mistakes be not repeated.
［正］He was determined that the same mistakes not be repeated.
［誤］She was anxious that it be cancer.
［誤］She was anxious that it was cancer.
［誤］She was anxious that it is cancer.
［正］She was anxious that it might be cancer.
［誤］She was anxious that everyone enjoys themselves.
［誤］She was anxious that everyone enjoyed themselves.
［正］She was anxious that everyone enjoy themselves.
［誤］Mary ignored the doctor's advice that she lost weight.
［誤］Mary ignored the doctor's advice that she loses weight.
［正］Mary ignored the doctor's advice that she lose weight.
［誤］He spoke on condition that his name is not used in the article.
［誤］He spoke on condition that his name was not used in the article.
［誤］He spoke on condition that his name be not used in the article.
［正］He spoke on condition that his name not be used in the article.
［誤］Her last wish was that she is buried back home in Japan.
［誤］Her last wish was that she was buried back home in Japan.
［正］Her last wish was that she be buried back home in Japan.
・仮定法現在を使う代わりに、「that 節」の中に"should"を用いることができる。
・イギリス英語では、仮定法現在は使われない。"should"が使われることが多い。
［正］The doctor advised Mary that she should get some rest.
仮定法現在の関連項目
