・"that"は状況全体を指すのに使われるが、"it"は前に出てきた名詞を指すのに使われる。
・文頭の"that"は、話者と聞き手の両者が知っている状況を指すときに使われる。
［正］We had a party last Sunday. It was great.
［誤］We had a party last Sunday. That was great.
A: We had a party last Sunday.
［誤］B: That's nice. Did you enjoy that?
A: We had a party last Sunday.
［正］B: That's nice. Did you enjoy it?
A: I didn't go to the party. Did you?
［正］B: Yeah. It was great."
A: I didn't go to the party. Did you?
［誤］B: Yeah. That was great."
A: I bought a new watch.
［正］B: That's nice. Can I see it?
A: I bought a new watch.
［誤］B: It's nice. Can I see it?
・"this"は現在起こっているか、未来に起こる状況を示すのに使われるが、"that"は過去に起こった状況を示すのに使われる。
A: Are you enjoying the party.
［正］B: Yes, this is great.
A: Are you enjoying the party.
［誤］B: Yes, that is great.
A: Are you enjoying the party.
［正］B: Yes, it is great.
間違いやすい"it"、"that"の用法
《英作文.netのアクセスの多い頁》
・初めての方へ
・英語が話せない方へ
・英語が聞こえない方へ
・受験のための英作文学習法
・英文ビジネスメール文例集
・アメリカで通用するビジネス英会話学習法
・あなたもできる英作文塾
・アメリカ英文法について
・アメリカ英文法備忘録
・英作文学習の幻想と罠